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rosegarden/src/sound/RIFFAudioFile.cpp

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/*
Rosegarden
A sequencer and musical notation editor.
This program is Copyright 2000-2008
Guillaume Laurent <glaurent@telegraph-road.org>,
Chris Cannam <cannam@all-day-breakfast.com>,
Richard Bown <bownie@bownie.com>
The moral right of the authors to claim authorship of this work
has been asserted.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
License, or (at your option) any later version. See the file
COPYING included with this distribution for more information.
*/
#include "RIFFAudioFile.h"
#include "RealTime.h"
#include "Profiler.h"
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;
//#define DEBUG_RIFF
namespace Rosegarden
{
RIFFAudioFile::RIFFAudioFile(unsigned int id,
const std::string &name,
const std::string &fileName):
AudioFile(id, name, fileName),
m_subFormat(PCM),
m_bytesPerSecond(0),
m_bytesPerFrame(0)
{}
RIFFAudioFile::RIFFAudioFile(const std::string &fileName,
unsigned int channels = 1,
unsigned int sampleRate = 48000,
unsigned int bytesPerSecond = 6000,
unsigned int bytesPerFrame = 2,
unsigned int bitsPerSample = 16):
AudioFile(0, "", fileName)
{
m_bitsPerSample = bitsPerSample;
m_sampleRate = sampleRate;
m_bytesPerSecond = bytesPerSecond;
m_bytesPerFrame = bytesPerFrame;
m_channels = channels;
if (bitsPerSample == 16)
m_subFormat = PCM;
else if (bitsPerSample == 32)
m_subFormat = FLOAT;
else
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Rosegarden currently only supports 16 or 32-bit PCM or IEEE floating-point RIFF files for writing"));
}
RIFFAudioFile::~RIFFAudioFile()
{}
// Show some stats on this file
//
void
RIFFAudioFile::printStats()
{
cout << "filename : " << m_fileName << endl
<< "channels : " << m_channels << endl
<< "sample rate : " << m_sampleRate << endl
<< "bytes per second : " << m_bytesPerSecond << endl
<< "bits per sample : " << m_bitsPerSample << endl
<< "bytes per frame : " << m_bytesPerFrame << endl
<< "file length : " << m_fileSize << " bytes" << endl
<< endl;
}
bool
RIFFAudioFile::appendSamples(const std::string &buffer)
{
/*
if (m_outFile == 0 || m_type != WAV)
return false;
*/
// write out
putBytes(m_outFile, buffer);
return true;
}
bool
RIFFAudioFile::appendSamples(const char *buf, unsigned int frames)
{
putBytes(m_outFile, buf, frames * m_bytesPerFrame);
return true;
}
// scan on from a descriptor position
bool
RIFFAudioFile::scanForward(std::ifstream *file, const RealTime &time)
{
// sanity
if (file == 0)
return false;
unsigned int totalSamples = m_sampleRate * time.sec +
( ( m_sampleRate * time.usec() ) / 1000000 );
unsigned int totalBytes = totalSamples * m_bytesPerFrame;
m_loseBuffer = true;
// do the seek
file->seekg(totalBytes, std::ios::cur);
if (file->eof())
return false;
return true;
}
bool
RIFFAudioFile::scanForward(const RealTime &time)
{
if (*m_inFile)
return scanForward(m_inFile, time);
else
return false;
}
bool
RIFFAudioFile::scanTo(const RealTime &time)
{
if (*m_inFile)
return scanTo(m_inFile, time);
else
return false;
}
bool
RIFFAudioFile::scanTo(std::ifstream *file, const RealTime &time)
{
// sanity
if (file == 0)
return false;
// whatever we do here we invalidate the read buffer
//
m_loseBuffer = true;
file->clear();
// seek past header - don't hardcode this - use the file format
// spec to get header length and then scoot to that.
//
file->seekg(16, std::ios::beg);
unsigned int lengthOfFormat = 0;
try {
lengthOfFormat = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(getBytes(file, 4));
file->seekg(lengthOfFormat, std::ios::cur);
// check we've got data chunk start
std::string chunkName;
int chunkLength = 0;
while ((chunkName = getBytes(file, 4)) != "data") {
if (file->eof()) {
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo(): failed to find data "
<< std::endl;
return false;
}
//#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo(): skipping chunk: "
<< chunkName << std::endl;
//#endif
chunkLength = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(getBytes(file, 4));
if (chunkLength < 0) {
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo(): negative chunk length "
<< chunkLength << " for chunk " << chunkName << std::endl;
return false;
}
file->seekg(chunkLength, std::ios::cur);
}
// get the length of the data chunk, and scan past it as a side-effect
chunkLength = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(getBytes(file, 4));
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cout << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo() - data chunk size = "
<< chunkLength << std::endl;
#endif
} catch (BadSoundFileException s) {
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo - EXCEPTION - \""
<< s.getMessage() << "\"" << std::endl;
#endif
return false;
}
// Ok, we're past all the header information in the data chunk.
// Now, how much do we scan forward?
//
size_t totalFrames = RealTime::realTime2Frame(time, m_sampleRate);
unsigned int totalBytes = totalFrames * m_bytesPerFrame;
// When using seekg we have to keep an eye on the boundaries ourselves
//
if (totalBytes > m_fileSize - (lengthOfFormat + 16 + 8)) {
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo() - attempting to move past end of "
<< "data block" << std::endl;
#endif
return false;
}
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cout << "RIFFAudioFile::scanTo - seeking to " << time
<< " (" << totalBytes << " bytes from current " << file->tellg()
<< ")" << std::endl;
#endif
file->seekg(totalBytes, std::ios::cur);
return true;
}
// Get a certain number of sample frames - a frame is a set
// of samples (all channels) for a given sample quanta.
//
// For example, getting one frame of 16-bit stereo will return
// four bytes of data (two per channel).
//
//
std::string
RIFFAudioFile::getSampleFrames(std::ifstream *file, unsigned int frames)
{
// sanity
if (file == 0)
return std::string("");
// Bytes per sample already takes into account the number
// of channels we're using
//
long totalBytes = frames * m_bytesPerFrame;
try {
return getBytes(file, totalBytes);
} catch (BadSoundFileException s) {
return "";
}
}
unsigned int
RIFFAudioFile::getSampleFrames(std::ifstream *file, char *buf,
unsigned int frames)
{
if (file == 0)
return 0;
try {
return getBytes(file, buf, frames * m_bytesPerFrame) / m_bytesPerFrame;
} catch (BadSoundFileException s) {
return 0;
}
}
std::string
RIFFAudioFile::getSampleFrames(unsigned int frames)
{
if (*m_inFile) {
return getSampleFrames(m_inFile, frames);
} else {
return std::string("");
}
}
// Return a slice of frames over a time period
//
std::string
RIFFAudioFile::getSampleFrameSlice(std::ifstream *file, const RealTime &time)
{
// sanity
if (file == 0)
return std::string("");
long totalFrames = RealTime::realTime2Frame(time, m_sampleRate);
long totalBytes = totalFrames * m_bytesPerFrame;
try {
return getBytes(file, totalBytes);
} catch (BadSoundFileException s) {
return "";
}
}
std::string
RIFFAudioFile::getSampleFrameSlice(const RealTime &time)
{
if (*m_inFile) {
return getSampleFrameSlice(m_inFile, time);
} else {
return std::string("");
}
}
RealTime
RIFFAudioFile::getLength()
{
// Fixed header size = 44 but prove by getting it from the file too
//
unsigned int headerLength = 44;
if (m_inFile) {
m_inFile->seekg(16, std::ios::beg);
headerLength = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(getBytes(m_inFile, 4));
m_inFile->seekg(headerLength, std::ios::cur);
headerLength += (16 + 8);
}
if (!m_bytesPerFrame || !m_sampleRate) return RealTime::zeroTime;
double frames = (m_fileSize - headerLength) / m_bytesPerFrame;
double seconds = frames / ((double)m_sampleRate);
int secs = int(seconds);
int nsecs = int((seconds - secs) * 1000000000.0);
return RealTime(secs, nsecs);
}
// The RIFF file format chunk defines our internal meta data.
//
// Courtesy of:
// http://www.technology.niagarac.on.ca/courses/comp630/WavFileFormat.html
//
// 'The WAV file itself consists of three "chunks" of information:
// The RIFF chunk which identifies the file as a WAV file, The FORMAT
// chunk which identifies parameters such as sample rate and the DATA
// chunk which contains the actual data (samples).'
//
//
void
RIFFAudioFile::readFormatChunk()
{
if (m_inFile == 0)
return ;
m_loseBuffer = true;
// seek to beginning
m_inFile->seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
// get the header string
//
std::string hS = getBytes(36);
// Look for the RIFF identifier and bomb out if we don't find it
//
#if (__GNUC__ < 3)
if (hS.compare(AUDIO_RIFF_ID, 0, 4) != 0)
#else
if (hS.compare(0, 4, AUDIO_RIFF_ID) != 0)
#endif
{
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::readFormatChunk - "
<< "can't find RIFF identifier\n";
#endif
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "RIFFAudioFile::readFormatChunk - can't find RIFF identifier"));
}
// Look for the WAV identifier
//
#if (__GNUC__ < 3)
if (hS.compare(AUDIO_WAVE_ID, 8, 4) != 0)
#else
if (hS.compare(8, 4, AUDIO_WAVE_ID) != 0)
#endif
{
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "Can't find WAV identifier\n";
#endif
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Can't find WAV identifier"));
}
// Look for the FORMAT identifier - note that this doesn't actually
// have to be in the first chunk we come across, but for the moment
// this is the only place we check for it because I'm lazy.
//
//
#if (__GNUC__ < 3)
if (hS.compare(AUDIO_FORMAT_ID, 12, 4) != 0)
#else
if (hS.compare(12, 4, AUDIO_FORMAT_ID) != 0)
#endif
{
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "Can't find FORMAT identifier\n";
#endif
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Can't find FORMAT identifier"));
}
// Little endian conversion of length bytes into file length
// (add on eight for RIFF id and length field and compare to
// real file size).
//
unsigned int length = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(4, 4)) + 8;
if (length != m_fileSize) {
std::cerr << "WARNING: RIFFAudioFile: incorrect length ("
<< length << ", file size is " << m_fileSize << "), ignoring"
<< std::endl;
length = m_fileSize;
}
// Check the format length
//
unsigned int lengthOfFormat = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(16, 4));
// Make sure we step to the end of the format chunk ignoring the
// tail if it exists
//
if (lengthOfFormat > 0x10) {
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::readFormatChunk - "
<< "extended Format Chunk (" << lengthOfFormat << ")"
<< std::endl;
#endif
// ignore any overlapping bytes
m_inFile->seekg(lengthOfFormat - 0x10, std::ios::cur);
} else if (lengthOfFormat < 0x10) {
#ifdef DEBUG_RIFF
std::cerr << "RIFFAudioFile::readFormatChunk - "
<< "truncated Format Chunk (" << lengthOfFormat << ")"
<< std::endl;
#endif
m_inFile->seekg(lengthOfFormat - 0x10, std::ios::cur);
//throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Format chunk too short"));
}
// Check sub format - we support PCM or IEEE floating point.
//
unsigned int subFormat = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(20, 2));
if (subFormat == 0x01) {
m_subFormat = PCM;
} else if (subFormat == 0x03) {
m_subFormat = FLOAT;
} else {
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Rosegarden currently only supports PCM or IEEE floating-point RIFF files"));
}
// We seem to have a good looking .WAV file - extract the
// sample information and populate this locally
//
unsigned int channelNumbers = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(22, 2));
switch (channelNumbers) {
case 0x01:
case 0x02:
m_channels = channelNumbers;
break;
default: {
throw(BadSoundFileException(m_fileName, "Unsupported number of channels"));
}
break;
}
// Now the rest of the information
//
m_sampleRate = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(24, 4));
m_bytesPerSecond = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(28, 4));
m_bytesPerFrame = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(32, 2));
m_bitsPerSample = getIntegerFromLittleEndian(hS.substr(34, 2));
if (m_subFormat == PCM) {
if (m_bitsPerSample != 8 && m_bitsPerSample != 16 && m_bitsPerSample != 24) {
throw BadSoundFileException("Rosegarden currently only supports 8-, 16- or 24-bit PCM in RIFF files");
}
} else if (m_subFormat == FLOAT) {
if (m_bitsPerSample != 32) {
throw BadSoundFileException("Rosegarden currently only supports 32-bit floating-point in RIFF files");
}
}
// printStats();
}
// Write out the format chunk from our internal data
//
void
RIFFAudioFile::writeFormatChunk()
{
if (m_outFile == 0 || m_type != WAV)
return ;
std::string outString;
// RIFF type is all we support for the moment
outString += AUDIO_RIFF_ID;
// Now write the total length of the file minus these first 8 bytes.
// We won't know this until we've finished recording the file.
//
outString += "0000";
// WAV file is all we support
//
outString += AUDIO_WAVE_ID;
// Begin the format chunk
outString += AUDIO_FORMAT_ID;
// length
//cout << "LENGTH = " << getLittleEndianFromInteger(0x10, 4) << endl;
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(0x10, 4);
// 1 for PCM, 3 for float
if (m_subFormat == PCM) {
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(0x01, 2);
} else {
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(0x03, 2);
}
// channel
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(m_channels, 2);
// sample rate
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(m_sampleRate, 4);
// bytes per second
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(m_bytesPerSecond, 4);
// bytes per sample
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(m_bytesPerFrame, 2);
// bits per sample
outString += getLittleEndianFromInteger(m_bitsPerSample, 2);
// Now mark the beginning of the "data" chunk and leave the file
// open for writing.
outString += "data";
// length of data to follow - again needs to be written after
// we've completed the file.
//
outString += "0000";
// write out
//
putBytes(m_outFile, outString);
}
AudioFileType
RIFFAudioFile::identifySubType(const std::string &filename)
{
std::ifstream *testFile =
new std::ifstream(filename.c_str(), std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
if (!(*testFile))
return UNKNOWN;
std::string hS;
unsigned int numberOfBytes = 36;
char *bytes = new char[numberOfBytes];
testFile->read(bytes, numberOfBytes);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < numberOfBytes; i++)
hS += (unsigned char)bytes[i];
AudioFileType type = UNKNOWN;
// Test for BWF first because it's an extension of a plain WAV
//
#if (__GNUC__ < 3)
if (hS.compare(AUDIO_RIFF_ID, 0, 4) == 0 &&
hS.compare(AUDIO_WAVE_ID, 8, 4) == 0 &&
hS.compare(AUDIO_BWF_ID, 12, 4) == 0)
#else
if (hS.compare(0, 4, AUDIO_RIFF_ID) == 0 &&
hS.compare(8, 4, AUDIO_WAVE_ID) == 0 &&
hS.compare(12, 4, AUDIO_BWF_ID) == 0)
#endif
{
type = BWF;
}
// Now for a WAV
#if (__GNUC__ < 3)
else if (hS.compare(AUDIO_RIFF_ID, 0, 4) == 0 &&
hS.compare(AUDIO_WAVE_ID, 8, 4) == 0)
#else
else if (hS.compare(0, 4, AUDIO_RIFF_ID) == 0 &&
hS.compare(8, 4, AUDIO_WAVE_ID) == 0)
#endif
{
type = WAV;
} else
type = UNKNOWN;
testFile->close();
delete [] bytes;
return type;
}
float
RIFFAudioFile::convertBytesToSample(const unsigned char *ubuf)
{
switch (getBitsPerSample()) {
case 8: {
// WAV stores 8-bit samples unsigned, other sizes signed.
return (float)(ubuf[0] - 128.0) / 128.0;
}
case 16: {
// Two's complement little-endian 16-bit integer.
// We convert endianness (if necessary) but assume 16-bit short.
unsigned char b2 = ubuf[0];
unsigned char b1 = ubuf[1];
unsigned int bits = (b1 << 8) + b2;
return (float)(short(bits)) / 32767.0;
}
case 24: {
// Two's complement little-endian 24-bit integer.
// Again, convert endianness but assume 32-bit int.
unsigned char b3 = ubuf[0];
unsigned char b2 = ubuf[1];
unsigned char b1 = ubuf[2];
// Rotate 8 bits too far in order to get the sign bit
// in the right place; this gives us a 32-bit value,
// hence the larger float divisor
unsigned int bits = (b1 << 24) + (b2 << 16) + (b3 << 8);
return (float)(int(bits)) / 2147483647.0;
}
case 32: {
// IEEE floating point
return *(float *)ubuf;
}
default:
return 0.0f;
}
}
}
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